Notes:
Kuhlthau’s model is a stage model, but, again, its place in the problem solving model is also clear - the hypothesis is that these are stages in a single act of ISB at any of the problem-solving stages.
This hypothesis became clear to me when I found that K was using the word ‘collection’ in relation to earlier stages, so that there is not one information collection set of acts, but several and the Collection phase might better be described as ‘gathering together previously collected materials’ in a penultimate stage.